-
1 Brain-Drain
-
2 Brain
Among the higher mammals the great development of neocortex occurs.In each group of mammals there is a steady increase in the area of the association cortex from the most primitive to the evolutionarily most recent type; there is an increase in the number of neurons and their connections. The degree of consciousness of an organism is some function of neuronal cell number and connectivity, perhaps of neurons of a particular type in association cortex regions. This function is of a threshold type such that there is a significant quantitative break with the emergence of humans. Although the importance of language and the argument that it is genetically specified and unique to humans must be reconsidered in the light of the recent evidence as to the possibility of teaching chimpanzees, if not to speak, then to manipulate symbolic words and phrases, there are a number of unique human features which combine to make the transition not merely quantitative, but also qualitative. In particular these include the social, productive nature of human existence, and the range and extent of the human capacity to communicate. These features have made human history not so much one of biological but of social evolution, of continuous cultural transformation. (Rose, 1976, pp. 180-181)[S]ome particular property of higher primate and cetacean brains did not evolve until recently. But what was that property? I can suggest at least four possibilities...: (1) Never before was there a brain so massive; (2) Never before was there a brain with so large a ratio of brain to body mass; (3) Never before was there a brain with certain functional units (large frontal and temporal lobes, for example); (4) Never before was there a brain with so many neural connections or synapses.... Explanations 1, 2 and 4 argue that a quantitative change produced a qualitative change. It does not seem to me that a crisp choice among these four alternatives can be made at the present time, and I suspect that the truth will actually embrace most or all of these possibilities. (Sagan, 1978, pp. 107-109)The crucial change in the human brain in this million years or so has not been so much the increase in size by a factor of three, but the concentration of that increase in three or four main areas. The visual area has increased considerably, and, compared with the chimpanzee, the actual density of human brain cells is at least 50 percent greater. A second increase has taken place in the area of manipulation of the hand, which is natural since we are much more hand-driven animals than monkeys and apes. Another main increase has taken place in the temporal lobe, in which visual memory, integration, and speech all lie fairly close together. And the fourth great increase has taken place in the frontal lobes. Their function is extremely difficult to understand... ; but it is clear that they're largely responsible for the ability to initiate a task, to be attentive while it is being done, and to persevere with it. (Bronowski, 1978, pp. 23-24)The human brain works however it works. Wishing for it to work in some way as a shortcut to justifying some ethical principle undermines both the science and the ethics (for what happens to the principle if the scientific facts turn out to go the other way?). (Pinker, 1994, p. 427)Historical dictionary of quotations in cognitive science > Brain
-
3 brain
[breɪn] noun1) the centre of the nervous system:( also adjective) brain surgery
دماغ، مُخbrain damage.
2) ( often in plural) cleverness:ذكاء، مقدرة عقليهYou've plenty of brains.
3) a clever person:شخص ذكيHe's one of the best brains in the country.
-
4 BRAIN
• Brains in the head saves blisters on the feet - За дурной головой и ногам непокой (3)• Idle brain is the devil's workshop (An) - Лень до добра не доводит (Л)• Money spent on the brain is never spent in vain - Знание лучше богатства (3)• You haven't got the brains you were born with - Умница, как попова курица (У) -
5 brain-trust
[brɛntrɶst] ( pluriel brain-trusts) nom masculin -
6 brain
-
7 Brain-truster
m.brain-truster (US) n. -
8 brain drain
هجرة العقول، رحيل العلماءAs a result of the brain drain Britain does not have enough doctors.
-
9 Brain-Truster
mbrain truster Am. -
10 brain-to-brain communication
Англо-русский словарь промышленной и научной лексики > brain-to-brain communication
-
11 Brain Attack Team
Physiology: BAT -
12 Brain Damaged User
Jocular: BDUУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Brain Damaged User
-
13 Brain Dead Install
Computers: BDIУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Brain Dead Install
-
14 Brain Dead Software
Software: BDSУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Brain Dead Software
-
15 Brain Dead User
Computers: BDU -
16 Brain Electrical Activity Mapping
Physiology: BEAMУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Brain Electrical Activity Mapping
-
17 Brain Empowerment Awareness Matrix
Education: BEAMУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Brain Empowerment Awareness Matrix
-
18 Brain Follows Erection
Rude: BFEУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Brain Follows Erection
-
19 Brain Heart Infusion
Microbiology: BHI (Сердечно-мозговая вытяжка)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Brain Heart Infusion
-
20 Brain Heart Infusion Agar
Agriculture: BHIAУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > Brain Heart Infusion Agar
См. также в других словарях:
Brain tumor — Classification and external resources Brain metastasis in the right cerebral hemisphere from lung cancer shown on T1 weighted magnetic resonance imaging with intravenous contrast … Wikipedia
Brain fingerprinting — is a controversial forensic science technique that uses electroencephalography (EEG) to determine whether specific information is stored in a subject’s brain. It does this by measuring electrical brainwave responses to words, phrases, or pictures … Wikipedia
Brain Age 2: More Training in Minutes a Day! — More Brain Training from Dr. Kawashima: How Old Is Your Brain? … Wikipedia
Brain ischemia — Classification and external resources CT scan slice of the brain showing a right hemispheric cerebral infarct (left side of image). ICD 10 G45.9, I67.8 … Wikipedia
Brain Age: Train Your Brain in Minutes a Day! — Dr. Kawashima s Brain Training: How Old Is Your Brain? Developer(s) Nintendo Software Development D … Wikipedia
Brain death — is a legal definition of death that emerged in the 1960s as a response to the ability to resuscitate individuals and mechanically keep the heart and lungs working. In simple terms, brain death is the irreversible end of all brain activity… … Wikipedia
Brain implant — Brain implants, often referred to as neural implants, are technological devices that connect directly to a biological subject s brain usually placed on the surface of the brain, or attached to the brain s cortex. A common purpose of modern brain… … Wikipedia
Brain size — is one aspect of animal anatomy and evolution. Both overall brain size and the size of substructures have been analysed, and the question of links between size and functioning particularly intelligence has often proved controversial. Brain size… … Wikipedia
Brain fitness — Brain training redirects here. For the Brain Training video game franchise, see Brain Age (series). The term brain fitness reflects a hypothesis that cognitive abilities can be maintained or improved by exercising the brain, in analogy to the way … Wikipedia
Brain Age Express — Japanese cover images for the Arts (left) and Math (right) editions. Developer(s) Nintendo SDD … Wikipedia
Brain-sur-Longuenee — Brain sur Longuenée Pour les articles homonymes, voir Brain. Brain sur Longuenée … Wikipédia en Français